ELISA with Recombinant Rkrp42 Antigen Using Urine Samples: A Tool for Predecting Clinical Visceral Leishmaniasis Cases and Its Outbreak.

Description: We reported a highly sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects immunoglobulin G (IgG) in urine using rKRP42 antigen for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The ELISA was applied to study chronological change in antibody titers in five study areas in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. A total of 585 subjects without a past VL history were examined at least three times in the 30-month follow-up period; of these subjects, 137 (23.4%) subjects became ELISA-positive at least one time during the study. Among the positive cases, 40 (29.2%) subjects developed clinical VL, and 31 (77.5%) of these subjects showed IgG titers of ? 1,000 U more than one time in the study period. Considering only the first ELISA results, 22 subjects with IgG titers of ? 1,000 U could be found, and 21 (95.5%) of these subjects turned out to be clinical cases. The high urinary IgG titers (? 1,000 U) will help predict possible clinical VL cases and thus, identify an outbreak in its earlier stage.
Universidad Central del Ecuador
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3516315/

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